Passive Voice
Rumus Passive Voice
Untuk membentuk kalimat pasif, rumus sederhana berikut biasanya digunakan tetapi tetap harus disesuaikan dengan tense kalimat.
| Subject + to be (am/is/are) + past participle (pp) | ||
| Tense | Rumus Passive Voice | Contoh Passive Voice |
| Simple Present | am/is/are + pp | is created |
| Present Continuous | am/is/are being + pp | is being created |
| Simple Past | was/were + pp | was created |
| Past Continuous | was/were being + pp | was being created |
| Present Perfect | has/have been + pp | has been created |
| Past Perfect | had been + pp | had been created |
| Simple Future | will be + pp | will be created |
| Future Continuous | am/is/are going to be + pp | is going to be created |
| Future Perfect | will have been + pp | will have been created |
Penggunaan kalimat pasif dengan perfect continuous tenses biasanya jarang dilakukan karena menghasilkan struktur kalimat yang terlalu rumit dan sulit dipahami. Oleh karena itu, hal ini sebaiknya dihindari meskipun secara tata bahasa benar (grammatically correct)
Passive Voice dengan Get
Kata get dapat juga digunakan pada kalimat pasif untuk menggantikan to be (am/is/are). Biasanya kalimat pasif dengan kata get digunakan pada percakapan informal. Sama seperti ketika menggunakan to be (am/is/are), bentuk get yang digunakan juga harus disesuaikan dengan tense kalimat.
| Subject + to be + past participle (pp) | ||
| Tense | Rumus Passive Voice | Contoh Passive Voice |
| Simple Present | get/gets + pp | get treated |
| Present Continuous | am/is/are getting + pp | is getting treated |
| Simple Past | got + pp | got treated |
| Past Continuous | was/were getting + pp | was getting treated |
| Present Perfect | has/have gotten + pp | has gotten treated |
| Past Perfect | had gotten + pp | had gotten treated |
| Simple Future | will get + pp | will get treated |
| Future Continuous | am/is/are going to get + pp | is going to get treated |
| Future Perfect | will have gotten + pp | will have gotten treated |
Demikianlah penjelasan ringkas mengenai passive voice dalam bahasa Inggris. Perlu diingat bahwa kalimat pasif dianggap lebih formal daripada kalimat aktif. Oleh karena itu, kalimat pasif umumnya digunakan dalam penulisan seperti penulisan ilmiah, laporan teknis, dan artikel koran dan jarang digunakan pada percakapan sehari-hari.
Bentuk Passive Voice
Pada dasarnya, untuk membentuk suatu kalimat kita pasti memerlukan pola kalimat. Melansir Modul Pembelajaran SMA Bahasa Inggris Kelas XI yang ditulis oleh Marni Hartati, passive voice menggunakan pola kalimat Subject + Auxiliary verb (kata pembantu kata kerja) + Verb 3 (kata kerja bentuk ke-3).
Dalam passive voice, auxiliary verb akan berubah bentuk berdasarkan waktu kejadiannya. Berikut ini penjelasan berbagai bentuk passive voice.
1. Simple Present Tense: Object + am/is/are + V3 + by + Object/Pronoun
2. Simple Past Tense: Object + was/were + V3 + by + Object/Pronoun
3. Simple Future Tense: Object + shall/will + V3 + by + Object/Pronoun
4. Present Continuous Tense: Object + am/is/are + being + V3 + by + Object/Pronoun
5. Past Continuous Tense: Object + was/were + being+ V3 + by + Object/Pronoun
6. Future Continuous Tense: Object + shall/will + V3 + by + Object/Pronoun
7. Present Perfect Tense: Object + have/has + been+ V3 + by + Object/Pronoun
8. Past Perfect Tense: Object + had+ been + V3 + by + Object/Pronoun
9. Future Perfect Tense: Object + shall/will + have + been + V3 + by + Object/Pronoun
Fungsi Passive Voice
Passive voice bisa digunakan untuk menjelaskan beberapa hal, seperti
1. Menjelaskan dan menggambarkan proses
Contoh: After cocoa have been picked, they are washed and roasted.
2. Memberi penegasan pada berita sehingga terasa lebih objektif
Contoh: Several people were arrested. They will be held in custody overnight.
3. Memberi pengantar dalam kegiatan yang lebih akademik atau formal, seperti surat, laporan, esai, dan perkuliahan.
Contoh: It is thought that the cause of the sudden increase in...
Contoh Kalimat Passive Voice
1. The food is cooked by Lily. (Makanan itu dimasak oleh Lily).
2. The car was driven by my brother. (Mobil itu dikendarai oleh kakak saya).
3. I noticed that door had been left open. (Aku menyadari pintu itu dibiarkan terbuka).
4. The dishes had been washed before my mom arrived. (Cucian piring itu sudah dicuci sebelum ibuku tiba).
5. The dress will be being delivered tomorrow. (Gaun itu akan dikirim besok).
Contoh Penggunaan Passive Voice dalam Percakapan Singkat
Percakapan 1
Jean: Woah.. Your sweater is cute!
Elsa: Really? Thank you Jean. This is made by my Mom, I’m so happy if you think so.
Jean: Your Mom made this? So cool.
Elsa: Yes, She’s been knitted this for two days long.
Jean: Now I know where your talents from.
Elsa: Haha.. Is that so? Wanna try to make it?
Jean: Can I?
Elsa: Ofcourse Jean.
Jean: Woah.. Thank you Elsa!
Elsa: Okay.
Percakapan 2
Ema: Jess, yesterday I’d found a cake shop around here!
Jess: A cake shop? Is it “Carmela’s Cake”?
Ema: You knew it?
Jess: I’ve been lived here all of my life, of course I knew it.
Ema: Why didn’t you told me before? The cake there was so good.
Jess: You like it? I think you had known.
Ema: Yess.. I love it. I didn’t know.
Jess: Sorry Ema. Let’s go there tomorrow afternoon.
Ema: Sure!
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